Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) is characterized by a persistent and usually increasing narrowing of the airways. This narrowing results from inflammation in the area of the small airways and from destruction of lung tissue (emphysema). In addition to genetic factors and pre-existing lung conditions, smoking and other inhalant exposures play a crucial role in the development of the disease.
COPD is a common disease and affects 5-10% of the population, with men and women affected in approximately equal proportions.